​​​​​​​​C tutorials #11.4

Assignment Operators

The following table lists the assignment operators supported by the C language −

= - Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand
C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C

+= - Add AND assignment operator. It adds the right operand to the left operand and assign the result to the left operand.
+C += A is equivalent to C = C + A

-= -   Subtract AND assignment operator. It subtracts the right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
-C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A

*= - Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
*C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A

/=   - Divide AND assignment operator. It divides the left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A

%= - Modulus AND assignment operator. It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand.
C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A

<<= - Left shift AND assignment operator.
C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2

>>= - Right shift AND assignment operator.
C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2

&= - Bitwise AND assignment operator.
C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2

^=   - Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator.
C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2

|= - Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator.
C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

Example

Try the following example to understand all the assignment operators available in C −

#include <stdio.h>

main()
{

   int a = 21;
   int c ;

   c =  a;
   printf("Line 1 - =  Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c +=  a;
   printf("Line 2 - += Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c -=  a;
   printf("Line 3 - -= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c *=  a;
   printf("Line 4 - *= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c /=  a;
   printf("Line 5 - /= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c  = 200;
   c %=  a;
   printf("Line 6 - %= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c <<=  2;
   printf("Line 7 - <<= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c >>=  2;
   printf("Line 8 - >>= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c &=  2;
   printf("Line 9 - &= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c ^=  2;
   printf("Line 10 - ^= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c |=  2;
   printf("Line 11 - |= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );
}

When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −

Line 1 - =  Operator Example, Value of c = 21
Line 2 - += Operator Example, Value of c = 42
Line 3 - -= Operator Example, Value of c = 21
Line 4 - *= Operator Example, Value of c = 441
Line 5 - /= Operator Example, Value of c = 21
Line 6 - %= Operator Example, Value of c = 11
Line 7 - <<= Operator Example, Value of c = 44
Line 8 - >>= Operator Example, Value of c = 11
Line 9 - &= Operator Example, Value of c = 2
Line 10 - ^= Operator Example, Value of c = 0
Line 11 - |= Operator Example, Value of c = 2